That None Should Perish

June 5, 2026

James, son of Alphaeus, was one of Jesus’ twelve apostles. Often called “James the Less” to distinguish him from James the son of Zebedee, his calling is recorded in the synoptic gospels when Jesus officially appointed His twelve disciples to minister, heal, and preach. [1, 2, 3, 4]

While the Bible does not detail his individual reaction like it does with Peter or Matthew, he left everything behind to follow Jesus. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Biblical Identity and Mentions

James the son of Alphaeus is mentioned consistently as the ninth apostle in all four New Testament lists. [1, 2]

• James the Less: He is referred to as “James the Less” (or “the Younger”) in Mark 15:40, likely indicating he was younger or shorter than James the Great. [1, 2]
• Relationship to Matthew: Because Levi (Matthew) is also identified as the “son of Alphaeus” in Mark 2:14, some scholars believe they may have been brothers, though scripture never explicitly confirms this. [1, 2]
• Early Church: He was present with the other apostles in the Upper Room after the resurrection and during the outpouring of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost (Acts 1:13, Acts 2). [1, 2]

Tradition and Legacy

Because the New Testament focuses little on his specific actions, his life is often seen as a symbol of quiet, faithful service. Early church tradition expands on his life: [1, 2]

• Missionary Journeys: Accounts suggest he preached the Gospel in regions including Judea, Persia, and Egypt.
• Martyrdom: According to Eastern Orthodox tradition, he was eventually crucified in the Egyptian city of Ostrachina for his faith.